cone crusher components
Table of Contents
A Comprehensive Guide to Cone Crusher Components
A cone crusher is a vital piece of machinery in the mining and aggregate industries, designed to crush hard and abrasive materials into smaller, uniform sizes. Understanding its key components, their functions, suitable materials, and proper maintenance is crucial for optimizing performance, minimizing downtime, and reducing operating costs.
We are your trusted partner for high-performance, durable replacement parts for all major cone crusher brands and models.
Main Cone Crusher Components and Their Functions
A cone crusher operates through a central rotating shaft (mantle) that gyrates within a stationary concave bowl. Here are the critical components that make this possible:
Main Shaft: The main shaft is the core component that transfers the crushing force from the drive system. It houses the mantle at its top and is supported at the bottom by various bushings.
Function: Provides the gyrating motion and bears the tremendous compressive forces generated during crushing.
Mantle: This is the central wear part that performs the actual crushing. It’s a manganese steel liner attached to the main shaft.
Function: Gyrates within the concave, compressing and crushing the feed material against the concave liners.
Concave (Bowl Liner): The concave is a stationary wear liner fixed inside the upper frame of the crusher (the bowl). It forms the crushing chamber along with the mantle.
Function: Provides the surface against which the mantle crushes the rock. The gap between the mantle and concave determines the final product size.
Bowl and Adjustment Ring: The bowl holds the concave liners. The adjustment ring, which the bowl threads into, allows for the setting of the crusher’s closed-side setting (CSS).
Function: The adjustment ring’s vertical movement raises or lowers the bowl, thereby changing the CSS and controlling the output product size.
Eccentric Assembly: This assembly consists of an eccentric bushing and sleeve. It is driven by a pinion gear from the countershaft.
Function: Converts the rotational motion from the countershaft into the gyrating (eccentric) motion of the main shaft and mantle.
Countershaft & Pinion Gear: The countershaft is driven by V-belts or a direct drive from the motor. The pinion gear is mounted on the countershaft.
Function: Transmits power from the motor to the eccentric assembly, initiating the crushing action.
Head Center / Upper Head Bushing: A bronze bushing located at the top of the main shaft, providing a pivot point for the gyrating motion.
Function: Supports the top of the main shaft and allows for its controlled gyration.
Bottom Shell Bushing (Inner & Outer): These bronze bushings are located at the bottom of the main shaft, inside the eccentric.
Function: Provide a low-friction bearing surface for the main shaft’s gyratory motion, ensuring smooth operation.
Hydraulic System: Comprises hydraulic cylinders, pumps, and accumulators.
Function: Used for various critical operations:
Adjusting the CSS for product size control.
Clearing the crushing chamber in case of a stall or overload (tramp release).
Supporting the upper frame during liner changes.
Dust Seal Ring: A flexible rubber or synthetic seal located around the top of the frame.
Function: Prevents dust and fine particles from entering the lubricating oil system in the lower frame, protecting the eccentric assembly and bushings.
Material Selection for Cone Crusher Parts
Choosing the right material is critical for part longevity and crusher efficiency. The primary consideration is the abrasiveness and hardness of the feed material.
Manganese Steel (Mn14%, Mn18%, Mn22%): This is the standard and most common material for wear parts (mantle and concave).
Why it’s used: Manganese steel is “work-hardening.” It becomes harder and more wear-resistant as it is impacted and compressed during the crushing process. This self-renewing property makes it ideal for crushing abrasive materials.
Grades: Mn18% is a common standard. Mn22% is used for highly abrasive conditions. We offer various grades to match your specific application.
Chrome Molybdenum Steel (Chrome-Moly): Used for non-wear, high-stress components.
Applications: Main shaft, adjustment ring, and head center. This alloy steel offers excellent strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance.
Bronze (Bushings): Used for all bushings (head center, bottom shell).
Why it’s used: Bronze provides a low-friction, high-load bearing surface that is compatible with steel shafts, preventing galling and seizing.
Alloy Steel: Used for gears, shafts, and pins.
Why it’s used: Provides high strength, hardness, and durability to withstand heavy loads and shock forces.
Specialized Alloys & Composite Materials: For extreme applications, we can provide parts made from TIC (Tungsten Carbide Insert) reinforced alloys or other proprietary materials for extended service life in the most demanding environments.
Maintenance Tips for Cone Crusher Parts
Proper maintenance is the key to maximizing component life and ensuring reliable operation.
Regular Inspection: Schedule routine visual inspections for wear and damage. Check for cracks, abnormal wear patterns, and thinning of liners.
Monitor Liner Wear: Measure mantle and concave wear regularly. Replace them in a timely manner to maintain product quality and prevent damage to the crusher’s core structure. Never let liners wear down to the backing material.
Proper Lubrication: Maintain clean oil with the correct viscosity and level. Regularly check filters and change the oil as recommended by the manufacturer. Contaminated oil is a primary cause of bushing and eccentric failure.
Check and Maintain the Dust Seal: Ensure the dust seal is intact and functioning. A failed seal will allow abrasive dust into the lubrication system, leading to rapid and catastrophic wear of bushings and the eccentric.
Tightening and Torque: Follow manufacturer specifications for the tightening torque of all bolts, especially the mantle locking nut and bowl adjustment ring bolts. Loose components can lead to severe damage.
Monitor Crusher Operation Parameters: Keep an eye on power draw, oil pressure, and oil temperature. Unusual fluctuations can indicate a developing problem, such as excessive wear or an overload condition.
Why Choose Our Cone Crusher Parts?
We understand that your crusher’s productivity directly impacts your bottom line. That’s why we are committed to providing replacement parts that meet or exceed OEM standards.
Full Range of Components: We supply everything from major wear parts (mantles, concaves) to mechanical components (bushings, shafts, seals) and hydraulic system parts.
Premium Material Quality: Our wear parts are manufactured from certified, high-grade manganese steel and alloys, ensuring maximum wear life and cost-per-ton efficiency.
Precision Engineering: Every part is machined to precise OEM tolerances, guaranteeing a perfect fit and optimal performance without the need for modifications.
Expert Technical Support: Our team has extensive experience and can help you select the right liner profiles and materials for your specific feed material and crushing goals.
Competitive Pricing & Reliable Delivery: We offer high-quality parts at competitive prices with a reliable global supply chain to minimize your downtime.